The 25-year old defender has signing a two-year deal with Sunderland, after four seasons with Peterborough.
The Sunderland boss has been adding to his defensive options over summer, having brought in Tom Flanagan, Alim Ozturk, Reece James and Glenn Loovens.
Sunderland boss Jack Ross told the club website: "Everybody knew we were looking to strengthen again in this area of the pitch and now we're comfortable with where we're at in terms of central defensive options."
"Jack is proven in this league and he's at a good age with his best years ahead of him, and he has a hunger to improve and do well."
"He sees this as a big opportunity and has the core attributes we have been looking for."
Balwin began his career with Hartlepool, but moved to Peterborough in 2014, where he went on to make 116 appearances.