"Thousands of spectators in the stadiums -- that is not suitable given the current infection rate," Spahn wrote on Twitter. "Now is not the time to take any avoidable risks."
Last week, the clubs in Germany's top two leagues agreed to Bundesliga plans to allow the partial return of fans when the new league season begins on September 18. The plans included clubs selling personalised tickets which could be traced, access only to seated areas of the ground, no alcohol sales at games until October and a ban on away fans until 2021.
However, the proposal by the German Football League (DFL) first needs approval by the government, and Spahn's comments dashed those hopes.
"The DFL concept is good in theory. However, in the pandemic, what is decisive is the practice in everyday life," Spahn added. "We feel that we must remain vigilant. In the current situation, spectators in the stands would send the wrong signal."
Germany's top-flight clubs lose several million euros in match revenue for every home game played behind closed doors. However, the number of coronavirus infections is rising slightly in Germany with 436 new cases in the last 24 hours. Around 9,000 virus-related deaths have been recorded in the country.
Bavaria's state premier Markus Soeder echoed Spahn's sentiments. "I cannot imagine it and I am extremely sceptical about it," he said of the DFL's plans, worrying that seeing football fans back in stadiums would send a "devastating signal" to German society.