The 39-year-old has taken charge of Hull with the club bottom of the Premier League, three points off safety.
Silva has signed a deal with the East Yorkshire club until the end of the season and has been tasked with trying to keep City in the Premier League.
Hull City vice-chairman Ehab Allam says that he was impressed by Silva's "philosophy and football style".
"Marco is a young coach who has impressed us with his philosophy and football style.
"He has a great track record and we feel this is a bold and exciting appointment in our aim to retain the Club’s Premier League status. Marco will be bringing in his own back-room team who have all played their part in his recent success.
"We are already working hard with Marco and his team to deliver some key additions to our squad during this transfer window".
Silva has also brought in assistant head coach Joao Pedro Sousa, first team coach Goncalo Pedro and goalkeeping coach Hugo Oliveira.
The 39-year-old's first job in management was with Portuguese Second Division side Estoril, where he won promotion to Portugal's top-flight and led them to fifth and fourth-placed finishes in the Portuguese top division.
He then went on to manage Sporting Lisbon where he won the Portuguese Cup, but was sacked for not wearing a club suit. Most recently, he managed Olympiacos where he won the Greek top-flight in his only season at the club.