The 26-year-old will likely not serve time behind bars as the judge recommended the sentence be commuted to the wearing of an electronic bracelet instead.
Doumbia, who was born in France and plays for Toulouse in the French top flight, was found guilty of driving under the influence of alcohol, as well as without a licence or insurance.
His car was confiscated, he was fined 10,000 euros ($11,300) and must pass a driving test.
He scored for Toulouse in their 1-1 draw with Monaco last weekend.
Neither the player nor his club were available to comment but it is unknown whether Ligue 1 rules would allow him to continue playing with an electronic bracelet.