Fans have been banned from drinking alcohol within view of the pitch since 1985.
Harvey said: "There is no doubt football has changed dramatically in the 30-plus years since the introduction of the act and to have a blanket ban on alcohol in view of the playing area remaining in 2018 is, in our view, disproportionate to today's level of risk."
He explained that the EFL has had the matter under review for some time and wants a "sensible and responsible" debate with the government and local safety experts.
Harvey noted that fans are already allowed to consume alcohol in concourse and hospitality areas before and after games, and at half-time, as well as in pubs outside stadiums. Despite this, there is just one arrest for every 25,000 supporters at EFL matches.
"Alongside the potential increase in disorder considerations, one of the key issues that requires further examination is the fact football is being treated inconsistently with other sports - some that occur in the same venue," said Harvey.
"The EFL would always request football is treated consistently and given the same opportunities as other sports, so the many law-abiding citizens attending matches who wish to be able to drink while posing no threat to public order are able to do so."