Dorrans replaces Wolverhampton Wanderers' Kevin McDonald, who withdrew from manager Gordon Strachan's squad on Sunday with a lower back injury.
Scotland, four points shy of a play-off place in Group D, host Poland on Thursday before completing their qualifying campaign with a match against minnows Gibraltar on Sunday three days later.
Revised Scotland squad
Goalkeepers: Craig Gordon (Celtic), David Marshall (Cardiff City/WAL), Allan McGregor (Hull City/ENG)
Defenders: Christophe Berra (Ipswich Town/ENG), Gordon Greer (Brighton and Hove Albion/ENG), Grant Hanley (Blackburn Rovers/ENG), Alan Hutton (Aston Villa/ENG), Russell Martin (Norwich City/ENG), Charlie Mulgrew (Celtic), Andrew Robertson (Hull City/ENG), Graeme Shinnie (Aberdeen), Steven Whittaker (Norwich City/ENG)
Midfielders: Ikechi Anya (Watford/ENG), Scott Brown (Celtic), Graham Dorrans (Norwich City/ENG), Darren Fletcher (West Bromwich Albion/ENG), James Forrest (Celtic), Shaun Maloney (Hull City/ENG), James Morrison (West Bromwich Albion/ENG), James McArthur (Crystal Palace/ENG), Matt Ritchie (Bournemouth/ENG), Johnny Russell (Derby County/ENG)
Forwards: Steven Fletcher (Sunderland/ENG), Leigh Griffiths (Celtic), Chris Martin (Derby County/ENG), Steven Naismith (Everton/ENG), Jordan Rhodes (Blackburn Rovers/ENG)